Should you say “autistic person” or “person with autism”? You may have noticed people use both. The words we choose matter, because they shape how autistic people feel seen and respected. Here is a plain-language look at the two styles and how to choose respectfully.

Two ways of talking about autism

Identity-first language puts the word “autistic” first — for example, “an autistic person” or “I am autistic.” People who prefer this see autism as part of who they are, like being tall or being left-handed — not something separate to be set aside.

Person-first language puts the person first — for example, “a person with autism.” People who prefer this want to emphasize the individual before any diagnosis.

What autistic people tend to prefer

Research shows a clear pattern. In a 2023 study of U.S. autism stakeholders, 87% of autistic adults preferred identity-first language (“autistic person”), while a smaller group preferred person-first language. Professionals who work in the field, by contrast, more often used person-first wording. In other words, there is a real gap between what many autistic people choose for themselves and the language institutions default to. You can read the study in the journal Autism: Preferences for identity-first versus person-first language in a US sample of autism stakeholders.

Why identity-first resonates for many

Many autistic self-advocates explain that autism cannot be separated from who they are — it shapes how they think, communicate, and experience the world. For them, “person with autism” can sound as though autism is an unwanted add-on. “Autistic” is simply a description, like “kind” or “curious.”

Why some prefer person-first

At the same time, a meaningful number of autistic people and families prefer person-first language, and their choice deserves the same respect. Preferences can also differ across cultures, generations, and communities. There is no single “correct” answer that fits everyone.

A simple rule: ask, then follow their lead

The most respectful approach is easy: ask the person how they would like to be described, and use the words they choose. When you are speaking about a specific person, their preference always comes first. If you cannot ask — for example, when writing for a broad audience — identity-first language (“autistic people”) reflects what most autistic adults prefer, so it is a safe, respectful default.

Quick tips

  • When in doubt, ask — and honor the answer.
  • Avoid outdated or judgmental terms like “high-functioning,” “low-functioning,” or “suffers from autism.” Describe specific strengths and support needs instead.
  • Remember that language preferences can change and can vary by community and culture.

Why this matters at Autism Who Knew

We serve autistic people and families across the United States and the Caribbean, and we know one size does not fit all. Our promise is simple: we listen first, respect each person’s own words, and lead with dignity. In our own writing, we generally use identity-first language because that is what most autistic adults tell us they prefer — while always honoring the choice of the individual in front of us.

The bottom line

“Autistic person” and “person with autism” are both used, but most autistic adults prefer identity-first language. The kindest, most accurate approach is to ask the person and follow their lead.

Sources

Language is personal. This article shares general guidance and research; individual preferences always come first.

By Understanding Autism